Tanakh is an acronym תַּנַ״ךְ = תּוֹרָה + נְבִיאִים + כְּתוּבִים
for Law (Torah — תּוֹרָה), Prophets (Nevi’im — נְבִיאִים), Scriptures (Ketuvim — כְּתוּבִים)
That means that sometimes the word "Scriptures" only refers to the 3rd part of the TaNaKh!!!
Therefore, many uses of the word.
Using different meanings of a word to mistakenly or falsely prove a point
Scholar: It says in the papers that your aunt's broken record is mostly due to spin.
Nephew: I read the instruction manual too! It was a 7-inch vinyl - she was supposed to run it at 45 RPM!
Niece: You mean that hyped up article in the Times? Baseless accusations! I saw her juggle three chainsaws over 72 times with my own eyes!
"All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness"
πᾶσα γραφὴ θεόπνευστος καὶ ὠφέλιμος πρὸς διδασκαλίαν...
“Every Scripture” here can refer to three sets of texts:
1) Broad sense: Canonical AND non-canonical Jewish works including 1 Enoch, Jubilees, Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs, etc.
2) Canonical only: (See below for the historically reconstructed canon Jesus & St. Paul most likely knew)
3) Narrow sense: "Ketuvim" = Scriptures, the third division of the Tanakh
Josephus says the canon only has 21 Books of which 4 are Wisdom books
1) There is no doubt of the Torah—Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy
2) The twelve most-cited prophetic books (allowing only compressions attested in the Dead Sea Scrolls): Joshua, Judges, Samuel (1&2 combined), Kings (1&2 combined), Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, the Twelve Minor Prophets (one scroll), Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, and Esther.
3) Josephus says there are 4 books containing “hymns to God and precepts for the conduct of life.” The ones most quoted in Joseph and the NT are: Psalms, Proverbs, Sirach (Ben Sira), and the Wisdom of Solomon.
*>Matthew 5:17 - "Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them."
*>Matthew 7:12 - "So in everything, do to others what you would have them do to you, for this sums up the Law and the Prophets."
*>Luke 24:44 - He said to them, “This is what I told you while I was still with you: Everything must be fulfilled that is written about me in the Law of Moses, the Prophets and the Psalms.”
1 Enoch, The Assumption of Moses / Testament of Moses, The Book of Jubilees, 1–4 Maccabees, The Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach, The Psalms of Solomon, 60+ Psalms.
Job, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Lamentations, Ruth, Chronicles
Tobit, Judith, Baruch, Letter of Jeremiah, Maccabees, Esdras, Manasseh, Odes, Psalms of Solomon
Psalm 151 (canonical in the Septuagint), the Plea for Deliverance, Apostrophe to Zion, Hymn to the Creator, +/-20 other psalm-like hymns.
The New Testament cites 60 and alludes to nearly 70 - barely half of the 150 canonical psalms in the Masoretic text.
The Dead Sea Scrolls has roughly 10 more hymns identified as psalms and another 20 or so fragments that feel like psalms.
It is safe to assume that synagogues in Jesus's time had one or more scrolls dedicated to the psalms, but none of the dead sea scrolls had exactly the 150 Masoretic psalms, all of them present the psalms in a different ordering, many contain non-canonical psalms.
1 Enoch [2 Enoch was fabricated much later], Jubilees, Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs, The Book of Giants, The Book of Noah, The Temple Scroll, The War Scroll, The Community Rule, The Damascus Document, The Rule of the Congregation, The Rule of the Blessings, The Thanksgiving Hymns, The Pesher Commentaries, The Copper Scroll, The New Jerusalem Text, The Words of the Luminaries, The Genesis Apocryphon, The Apocryphon of Joshua, The Apocryphon of Jeremiah, The Apocryphon of Daniel, The Apocryphon of Ezekiel, The Visions of Amram, The Words of Moses, The Reworked Pentateuch, The Patriarchal Blessings, The Prayer of Nabonidus, The Aramaic Levi Document, The Book of Mysteries, The Instruction, The Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice,
Halakhic Letter, Purification Rules, Calendrical Texts, Blessings and Curses Texts, Priestly Courses Texts, Exorcism and Healing Texts, Angelic Liturgy Texts, Festival Prayers, Liturgy of the Three Tongues of Fire, Songs for the Holocaust of the Sabbath, The Self-Glorification Hymn
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