Here Catholic refers to the Epistles that all the local Churches used in liturgy.
(Churches had not yet met up to decide on canons so this is a heuristic;
not consensus not "ἡ Ἐκκλησία ἡ καθολική"
but "αἱ Ἐκκλησίαι ἐν ταῖς καθολικαῖς")
(Later on, St. Augustine speaks of the Catholic Church, not as the universal Church but as the consensus Church)
(LATER, catholic comes to mean universal church)
(EVEN LATER, Catholic comes to mean all local Churches that are united to the Church of Rome)
Antilegomena means contradicted or disputed
However, the disputed texts were not necessarily disputed, they were simply texts that not every local church used in liturgy